Selangan Batu
Scientific name: Shorea maxwelliana
Overview
Selangan Batu is a dense, durable tropical hardwood from the Shorea genus within the Asian hardwood group. It is closely related to and often grouped with Batu (Red Balau), though Selangan Batu typically refers to specific Shorea species used in heavy-duty outdoor and structural applications. Known for its strength, hardness, and resistance to wear, Selangan Batu is widely used in exterior construction, marine environments, and industrial applications where long-term durability is required.
While the terms Batu and Selangan Batu are sometimes used interchangeably in commercial trade, Selangan Batu generally represents a subset of Shorea species that exhibit particularly high density and durability, making it a preferred choice for demanding outdoor conditions.
Quick Facts
- Common Name: Selangan Batu
- Scientific Name: Shorea maxwelliana
- Region: Asian Hardwoods
- Tree Size: 100–200 ft tall, 3–6 ft trunk diameter
- Average Dried Weight: 60–75 lbs/ft³
- Janka Hardness: 2,000–2,500 lbf
- Color: Medium to dark reddish-brown
- Grain: Straight to interlocked
- Texture: Medium to coarse
Identification Characteristics
Selangan Batu is typically characterized by its deep reddish-brown coloration and extremely dense, heavy appearance. The grain is usually straight but can be interlocked, sometimes producing a subtle ribbon pattern on quartersawn surfaces. Compared to Batu, Selangan Batu often appears slightly darker and heavier, with a more rugged and coarse overall look.
Key identification traits include:
- Deep reddish-brown color
- Very dense, heavy feel
- Straight to interlocked grain
- Medium to coarse texture
- Slight ribbon figure on quartersawn surfaces
Working Properties
Selangan Batu is a very dense hardwood that is difficult to machine but performs exceptionally well in demanding outdoor and structural environments.
- Machines with difficulty due to extreme density
- High risk of tearout in interlocked grain
- Pre-drilling required for all fasteners
- Glues moderately well with proper surface prep
- Finishes well but may require sealing
- Excellent durability and weather resistance
Safety Note
Wood dust may cause mild irritation. Proper dust collection and protective equipment are recommended when working with this wood.
Common Uses
Selangan Batu is used primarily in heavy-duty outdoor and structural applications where long-term durability is critical.
- Exterior decking
- Boardwalks
- Marine construction
- Bridges
- Heavy timber construction
- Outdoor structures
- Industrial flooring
Sustainability & Notes
Selangan Batu is sourced from multiple Shorea species and is often grouped under trade names like Red Balau. Sustainability depends on sourcing practices, and some species within the Shorea genus are under pressure from overharvesting. Responsible sourcing and certification should be considered when available.
Comparative Notes & Related Species
Batu – Closely related and often grouped together, though Selangan Batu generally represents the heavier and more durable end of the group.
Apitong – Apitong is slightly less dense and more commonly used for trailer decking, while Selangan Batu is preferred for outdoor structural applications.
Keruing – A broader Shorea group that is typically less dense and used in general construction rather than high-exposure environments.
Related Guides
Wood Strength and Hardness Guide
Provides insight into Selangan Batu’s extreme density and why it excels in heavy-duty outdoor applications.
Wood Density & Hardness Explained (Janka Scale)
Helps explain how Selangan Batu’s hardness contributes to long-term durability and wear resistance.
How to Identify Exotic Hardwood by Grain Pattern
Useful for distinguishing Selangan Batu from Batu, Apitong, and other Shorea species.
Compare Wood Properties
See how this species ranks in density and hardness using our Wood Density & Janka Hardness Chart. You can also explore Hardest Woods, Softest Woods, and Most Dense Woods for quick comparisons.
Collector Notes
Selangan Batu is not typically collected for decorative purposes but is highly valued as a performance-based hardwood. It represents one of the densest and most durable woods within the Shorea group, making it an important reference species for structural and outdoor applications.
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Wood Sample Collection
This species is part of an ongoing effort to document and preserve wood samples from around the world.
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Resources
Authoritative botanical and forestry references used in compiling information about this species include:
• USDA Forest Service – Wood Handbook: Wood as an Engineering Material
https://www.fpl.fs.usda.gov/products/publications/
• The Wood Database – Global reference for wood identification, physical properties, and woodworking characteristics
https://www.wood-database.com/
• Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew – Plants of the World Online – Botanical taxonomy and species distribution database
https://powo.science.kew.org/
• International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN Red List) – Global conservation status assessments
https://www.iucnredlist.org/
• Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) – International trade regulations for protected plant species
https://cites.org/
Additional forestry publications, academic research papers, and regional timber studies may also be referenced where available.
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Availability & Where to Buy
Exotic hardwood availability can vary significantly depending on region, sustainability regulations, and supplier inventory.
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